薛平贵与王宝钏

The Supreme Court orders makers of gun parts to comply with rules on ghost guns_我的网站

穆赫兰道

A | 8 月 26 日消息，斯坦福数字经济实验室于 8 月 12 日更新论文，依托薪资服务商 ADP 覆盖数百万美国劳动者的高频薪资数据，揭示生成式 AI 普及后劳动力市场的真实变化，报告提示，应届与初入职场的年轻人正承受 AI 带来的最直接冲击。 WASHINGTON -- The Supreme Court on Monday ordered two internet sellers of gun parts to comply with a Biden administration regulation aimed at ghost guns, firearms that are difficult to trace because they lack serial numbers.The court had intervened once before, by a 5-4 vote in August, to keep the regulation in effect after it had been invalidated by a lower court. No justice dissented publicly from Monday's order, which followed a ruling from a federal judge in Texas that exempted the two companies, Blackhawk Manufacturing Group and Defense Distributed, from having to abide by the regulation of ghost gun kits.Other makers of gun parts also had been seeking similar court orders, the administration told the Supreme Court in a filing.“Absent relief from this Court, therefore, untraceable ghost guns will remain widely available to anyone with a computer and a credit card — no background check required,” Solicitor General Elizabeth Prelogar, the administration's top Supreme Court lawyer, wrote. The regulation changed the definition of a firearm under federal law to include unfinished parts, like the frame of a handgun or the receiver of a long gun, so they can be tracked more easily. Those parts must be licensed and include serial numbers. Manufacturers must also run background checks before a sale — as they do with other commercially made firearms. The requirement applies regardless of how the firearm was made, meaning it includes ghost guns made from individual parts or kits or by 3D printers.The regulation will be in effect while the administration appeals the judge's ruling to the 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in New Orleans — and potentially the Supreme Court.。

B | 研究报告指出从整体来看，并未发现全美范围大规模岗位被 AI 替代的证据，严重冲击了年轻人的“第一梯级”就业。该报告指出在软件开发和客服等高影响职业中，相比较受人工智能影响较小的领域，22-25 岁年轻人的就业率落后约 19%，而 2025 年差距仅为 13%。与之对比，同一岗位的资深从业者没有出现同等就业缺口，就业保持平稳甚至有所上升。该研究认为入门级员工更容易受到冲击的部分原因，在于这些岗位依赖大量“编码化知识”。编码化知识指能够通过教育、教材或书面流程传授的正式、标准化、文档化知识。这类知识通常有明确规则，人工智能更容易参与或替代相关工作。对于 22 至 25 岁的年轻人来说，可以通过人工智能“自动化”的职业，其入门级就业率正大幅下降。对于人工智能仅起到“辅助”作用的工作岗位，入门级就业形势则要复杂得多。与之相对，默会知识（Tacit Knowledge）主要通过实践、导师指导以及反复接触真实场景获得。